Malayalam
WALS coordinates: 10° N, 76° 30′ E
spoken in India
Find examples here.
Alternative Names
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ISO 639-3: |
Features
ID | Feature | Value | Area | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
14A | Fixed Stress Locations | No fixed stress | Phonology | comment | |
15A | Weight-Sensitive Stress | Left-edge: First or second | Phonology | comment | |
16A | Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems | Long vowel | Phonology | comment | |
17A | Rhythm Types | Undetermined | Phonology | comment | |
27A | Reduplication | Full reduplication only | Morphology | comment | |
34A | Occurrence of Nominal Plurality | All nouns, always obligatory | Nominal Categories | comment | |
36A | The Associative Plural | Associative same as additive plural | Nominal Categories |
comment
examples |
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41A | Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives | Two-way contrast | Nominal Categories |
comment
examples |
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42A | Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives | Different inflection | Nominal Categories |
comment
examples |
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43A | Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives | Related for all demonstratives | Nominal Categories |
comment
examples |
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45A | Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns | Multiple politeness distinctions | Nominal Categories |
comment
examples |
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46A | Indefinite Pronouns | Interrogative-based | Nominal Categories | comment | |
47A | Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns | Identical | Nominal Categories |
comment
examples |
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49A | Number of Cases | 6-7 cases | Nominal Categories | comment | |
50A | Asymmetrical Case-Marking | Symmetrical | Nominal Categories | comment | |
53A | Ordinal Numerals | First/one-th, two-th, three-th | Nominal Categories | comment | |
54A | Distributive Numerals | Marked by reduplication | Nominal Categories | comment | |
55A | Numeral Classifiers | Absent | Nominal Categories | comment | |
56A | Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers | Formally similar, with interrogative | Nominal Categories | comment | |
64A | Nominal and Verbal Conjunction | Identity | Nominal Syntax | comment | |
70A | The Morphological Imperative | Second singular and second plural | Verbal Categories | comment | |
71A | The Prohibitive | Normal imperative + special negative | Verbal Categories | comment | |
72A | Imperative-Hortative Systems | Neither type of system | Verbal Categories | comment | |
73A | The Optative | Inflectional optative absent | Verbal Categories | comment | |
74A | Situational Possibility | Verbal constructions | Verbal Categories | comment | |
75A | Epistemic Possibility | Verbal constructions | Verbal Categories | comment | |
76A | Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking | Overlap for either possibility or necessity | Verbal Categories | comment | |
81A | Order of Subject, Object and Verb | SOV | Word Order | comment | |
82A | Order of Subject and Verb | SV | Word Order | comment | |
83A | Order of Object and Verb | OV | Word Order | comment | |
86A | Order of Genitive and Noun | Genitive-Noun | Word Order | comment | |
87A | Order of Adjective and Noun | Adjective-Noun | Word Order | comment | |
88A | Order of Demonstrative and Noun | Demonstrative-Noun | Word Order | comment | |
89A | Order of Numeral and Noun | Numeral-Noun | Word Order | comment | |
90A | Order of Relative Clause and Noun | Relative clause-Noun | Word Order | comment | |
90B | Prenominal relative clauses | Relative clause-Noun (RelN) dominant | Word Order | comment | |
92A | Position of Polar Question Particles | Final | Word Order | comment | |
93A | Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions | Not initial interrogative phrase | Word Order | comment | |
96A | Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun | OV and RelN | Word Order | comment | |
97A | Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun | OV and AdjN | Word Order | comment | |
101A | Expression of Pronominal Subjects | Optional pronouns in subject position | Simple Clauses | comment | |
105A | Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' | Indirect-object construction | Simple Clauses | comment | |
111A | Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions | Morphological but no compound | Simple Clauses | comment | |
112A | Negative Morphemes | Negative affix | Simple Clauses | comment | |
113A | Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation | Both | Simple Clauses | comment | |
114A | Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation | A/Fin and A/Cat | Simple Clauses | comment | |
115A | Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation | Predicate negation also present | Simple Clauses | comment | |
116A | Polar Questions | Question particle | Simple Clauses | comment | |
118A | Predicative Adjectives | Nonverbal encoding | Simple Clauses | comment | |
119A | Nominal and Locational Predication | Different | Simple Clauses | comment | |
120A | Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals | Impossible | Simple Clauses | comment | |
125A | Purpose Clauses | Deranked | Complex Sentences | comment | |
127A | Reason Clauses | Balanced/deranked | Complex Sentences | comment | |
128A | Utterance Complement Clauses | Balanced | Complex Sentences | comment | |
129A | Hand and Arm | Identical | Lexicon |
comment
examples |
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130A | Finger and Hand | Different | Lexicon |
comment
examples |
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138A | Tea | Words derived from Sinitic cha | Lexicon |
comment
examples |
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142A | Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks | Logical meanings | Other | comment | |
143A | Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb | [V-Neg] | Word Order | comment | |
143E | Preverbal Negative Morphemes | None | Word Order | comment | |
143F | Postverbal Negative Morphemes | [V-Neg] | Word Order | comment | |
143G | Minor morphological means of signaling negation | None | Word Order | comment | |
144A | Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb | MorphNeg | Word Order | comment | |
144L | The Position of Negative Morphemes in SOV Languages | SO[V-Neg] | Word Order | comment | |
144P | NegSOV Order | No NegSOV | Word Order | comment | |
144Q | SNegOV Order | No SNegOV | Word Order | comment | |
144R | SONegV Order | No SONegV | Word Order | comment | |
144S | SOVNeg Order | Suffix&NoDoubleNeg | Word Order | comment |