skip to main content
article

HTTP Cookies: Standards, privacy, and politics

Published:01 November 2001Publication History
Skip Abstract Section

Abstract

How did we get from a world where cookies were something you ate and where "nontechies" were unaware of "Netscape cookies" to a world where cookies are a hot-button privacy issue for many computer users? This article describes how HTTP "cookies" work and how Netscape's original specification evolved into an IETF Proposed Standard. I also offer a personal perspective on how what began as a straightforward technical specification turned into a political flashpoint when it tried to address nontechnical issues such as privacy.

References

  1. CRANOR, L. 2001. private communication.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  2. CRANOR,L.F.AND REIGLE, J., JR. 1998. Designing a social protocol: Lessons learned from the Platform for Privacy Preferences Project. http://www.research.att.com/ >>lorrie/pubs/ dsp/dsp.html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  3. EU. 1995. Directive 95/46/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 24 October 1995 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and the free movement of such data. http://europa.eu.-int/eur-lex/eu/lif/dat/1995/eu 3951 0046.html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  4. FIELDING, R., MOGUL, J., FRYSTYK, H., MASINTER, L., LEACH,P.,AND BERNERS-LEE, T. 1999. Hypertext Transfer Protocol-HTTP/1.1. Tech. Rep. RFC 2616 (June), IETF. http://www. ietf.org/rfc/rfc2616.txt.]] Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  5. FTC. 1996. Public workshop on consumer privacy on the global information infrastructure. http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/privacy/wkshp96/frdoc.htm.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  6. FTC. 1997. Consumer information privacy workshop. http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/privacy/ wkshp97/.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  7. GARFINKEL, S. 2000. Database Nation. O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  8. HARTLEY, P. F. 1997. Comments of Netscape concerning consumer on-line privacy-P954807. http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/privacy/wkshp97/comments2/netsc067.htm.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  9. http-wg. HTTP-WG mailing list archive. http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/hypermail/.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  10. KAPLAN, C. S. 2001. Kafkaesque? Big brother? Finding the right literary metaphor for net privacy. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/02/technology/02CYBERLAW. html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  11. KRISTOL, D. M. 2001. HTTP cookies: Standards, privacy, and politics. An extended version of this article. ACM Digital Libr. URL.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  12. KRISTOL,D.M.AND MONTULLI, L. 1997. HTTP state management mechanism. Tech. Rep. RFC 2109 (Feb.), IETF. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2109.txt.]] Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  13. KRISTOL,D.M.AND MONTULLI, L. 2000. HTTP state management mechanism. Tech. Rep. RFC 2965 (Oct.), IETF. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2965.txt.]] Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  14. LEWIN, B. 2000. Governing trust. http://207.87.15.232/issues/Issue371/item9225.asp.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  15. MONTULLI, L. 2001. Private communication.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  16. MOORE,K.AND FREED, N. 2000. Use of HTTP state management. Tech. Rep. RFC 2964 (Oct.), IETF. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2964.txt.]] Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  17. NEW YORK TIMES. 2001. Senator raises privacy as Federal Web site issue. http://www.nytimes. com/2001/04/17/technology/17PRIV.html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  18. NS. undated. Netscape Communications Corporation. Persistent Client State HTTP Cookies. http://www.netscape.com/newsref/std/cookie spec.html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  19. P3P. 2001. P3P public overview. http://www.w3.org/P3P/Overview.html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  20. PF. 2000. The top 10 privacy stories of 2000. http://www.privacyfoundation.org/release/ top10.html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  21. PICS. 2000. Platform for internet content selection (PICS). http://www.w3.org/PICS/.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  22. POSTEL, J. 1993. Instructions to RFC authors. Tech. Rep. RFC 1543 (Oct.), IETF. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1543.txt.]] Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  23. POSTEL,J.AND REYNOLDS, J. K. 1997. Instructions to RFC authors. Tech. Rep. RFC 2223 (Oct.), IETF. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2223.txt.]] Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  24. RAYMOND, E. S. 1996. The New Hacker's Dictionary (3 ed.). MIT Press. http://www.eps.mcgill. ca/jargon/html/entry/magic-cookie.html.]] Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  25. S.2606. 2000. Consumer Privacy Protection Act, S.2606. http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/ cgibin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=106 cong bills&docid=f:s2606is.txt.pdf.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  26. SMITH, R. 2001. Invasion of the web bugs. http://www.privacyfoundation.org/commentary/ tipsheet.asp?id=34&action=0.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  27. STATE. http-STATE mailing list archive. http://www.bell-labs.com/mailing-lists/http-state/archive. html for April 1997 through March 2000 and http://lists.bell-labs.com/pipermail/http-state/after April 2000.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  28. WEBSIDESTORY. 2001. Cookie rejection less than 1 percent on the Web, according to WebSideStory. http://www.websidestory.com/cgi-bin/wss.cgi?corporate&news&press 2 124.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  29. Wired. 2000. Dead site? There goes privacy. http://www.wired.com/news/business/0,1367, 37354,00.html.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  30. WP17. 1999. Recommendation 1/99 on invisible and automatic processing of personal data on the internet performed by software and hardware. Tech. Rep. (Feb.), European Union Work-ing Party on the Protection of Individuals with regard to the Processing of Personal Data. http://europa.eu.int/comm/internal market/en/media/dataprot/wpdocs/wp17en.htm.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar
  31. www-talk. WWW-TALK mailing list archive. http://www.webhistory.org/www.lists/ for 1991- 1995, http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-talk/ for 1995-2001.]]Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

Index Terms

  1. HTTP Cookies: Standards, privacy, and politics

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Login options

      Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

      Sign in

      Full Access

      • Published in

        cover image ACM Transactions on Internet Technology
        ACM Transactions on Internet Technology  Volume 1, Issue 2
        November 2001
        111 pages
        ISSN:1533-5399
        EISSN:1557-6051
        DOI:10.1145/502152
        Issue’s Table of Contents

        Copyright © 2001 ACM

        Publisher

        Association for Computing Machinery

        New York, NY, United States

        Publication History

        • Published: 1 November 2001
        Published in toit Volume 1, Issue 2

        Permissions

        Request permissions about this article.

        Request Permissions

        Check for updates

        Qualifiers

        • article

      PDF Format

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader