Jörg Widmer
Catherine Boutremans
Abstract
Current TCP-friendly congestion control mechanisms adjust the packet rate in order to adapt to network conditions and obtain a throughput not exceeding that of a TCP connection operating under the same conditions. In an environment where the bottleneck resource is packet processing, this is the correct behavior. However, if the bottleneck resource is bandwidth, and flows may use packets of different size, resource sharing depends on packet size and is no longer fair. For some applications, such as Internet telephony, it is more natural to adjust the packet size, while keeping the packet rate as constant as possible. In this paper we study the impact of variations in packet size on equation-based congestion control and propose methods to remove the resulting throughput bias. We investigate the design space in detail and propose a number of possible designs. We evaluate these designs through simulation and conclude with some concrete proposals. Our findings can be used to design a TCP-friendly congestion control mechanism for applications that adjust packet size rather than packet rate, or applications that are forced to use a small packet size.
- S. Floyd, M. Handley, J. Padhye, and J. Widmer, "Equation-based congestion control for unicast applications," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 2000, pp. 43--56.]] Google Scholar
Digital Library
- Sandeep Sikka and George Varghese, "Memory-efficient state lookups with fast updates," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 2000.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Pankaj Gupta, Algorithms for Routing Lookups and Packet Classification, Ph.D. thesis, Stanford University, Dec. 2000.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- K. Papagiannaki, S. Moon, C. Fraleigh, P. Thiran, F. Tobagi, and C. Diot, "Analysis of measured single-hop delay from an operational backbone network," in Proc. IEEE Infocom, New York, June 2002.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- J-C. Bolot, S. Fosse Parisis, and D. Towsley, "Adaptive FEC-based error control for internet telephony," in Proc. IEEE Infocom, Mar. 1999.]]Google ScholarCross Ref
- J-C. Bolot and A. Vega Garcia, "Control mechanisms for packet audio in the internet," in Proc. IEEE Infocom, Mar. 1996.]]Google Scholar
- Sally Floyd and Kevin Fall, "Promoting the use of end-to-end congestion control in the Internet," IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 458--472, Aug. 1999.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Floyd and V. Jacobson, "Random early detection gateways for congestion avoidance," IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 397--413, Aug. 1993.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. C. Mogul and S. E. Deering, "Path MTU discovery," RFC 1191, Internet Engineering Task Force, Nov. 1990.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Colleen Shannon, David Moore, and K. Claffy, "Characteristics of fragmented IP traffic on internet links," in Proc. First ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Internet Measurement, San Francisco, CA, Nov. 2001.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mark Handley, Jitendra Padhye, Sally Floyd, and Jörg Widmer, "TCP friendly rate control (TFRC): Protocol specification," RFC 3448, Jan. 2003.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Widmer and M. Handley, "Extending equation-based congestion control to multicast applications," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, San Diego, CA, Aug. 2001, pp. 275--286.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jitendra Padhye, Victor Firoiu, Donald F. Towsley, and James F. Kurose, "Modeling TCP Reno performance: a simple model and its empirical validation," IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 133--145, Apr. 2000.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Ramesh and I. Rhee, "Issues in TCP model-based flow control," Tech. Rep. TR-99-15, Department of Computer Science, NCSU, 1999.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. Widmer, C. Boutremans, and J. Y. Le Boudec, "End-to-end congestion control for flows with variable packet size," Tech. Rep. EPFL-DI-ICA SSC/2002/82, EPFL, Switzerland, December 2002.]]Google Scholar
- M. Vojnovic and J. Y. Le Boudec, "On the long-run behavior of equation-based rate control," in Proc. ACM SIGCOMM, Pittsburgh, Aug. 2002.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lee Breslau, Deborah Estrin, Kevin Fall, Sally Floyd, John Heidemann, Ahmed Helmy, Polly Huang, Steven McCanne, Kannan Varadhan, Ya Xu, and Haobo Yu, "Advances in network simulation," IEEE Computer, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 59--67, May 2000.]] Google ScholarDigital Library
Recommendations
TCP-friendly Congestion Control for HighSpeed Network
SAINT '07: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Applications and the InternetThe currently used TCP congestion control, TCP Reno, has two weaknesses. To solve this TCP Reno drawback, HighSpeed TCP and Scalable TCP were proposed. However, the fairness between these proposed TCP and TCP Reno is not considered, when both ...
Comments